Typography and Visual Design in Television Production Graphics: Effects on Viewer Comprehension, Preferences, and Programme Recognition

Abstract

This study examines the role of typography and visual design in Television Production Graphics (TVPG) and their impact on viewer comprehension, programme, and brand recognition. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining qualitative visual analysis of broadcasts from Slovenia's POP TV (24UR and Zvezde plešejo) with a quantitative survey of 114 viewers. The results indicate that a strong majority of viewers (74–77%) find TVPG helpful for following and understanding content across both informative and entertainment genres. Additionally, a consistent graphic identity proved highly effective for branding, with 92% of respondents correctly identifying the news programme 24UR based solely on its visual style. The study also highlights key design trade-offs., as viewer preferences for text size were evenly divided, reflecting the balance between legibility and unobstructed viewing. High colour contrast and moderate information density were consistently associated with better readability and perceived clarity. While prominent call-to-action graphics increased visibility and engagement, promotional overlays were often perceived as intrusive, indicating the need for careful implementation. Overall, the findings confirm that TVPG are essential components of television communication: when designed with attention to legibility, visual hierarchy, and genre-appropriate execution. they enhance comprehension and brand recognition, whereas intrusive or poorly designed graphics may negatively affect the viewing experience.